From 804a5db77d387f2cf3a5e56fceaa39f52ddadf3f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: luochen570 <1160510664@qq.com> Date: Sun, 31 May 2026 12:48:56 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] Update Windows build documentation --- QtOpenCVImageTool.zip | Bin 0 -> 10352 bytes build_windows.bat | 46 +++++++ build_wsl_windows.sh | 30 +++++ cmake/toolchains/mingw64.cmake | 11 ++ readme.md | 211 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----- 5 files changed, 266 insertions(+), 32 deletions(-) create mode 100644 QtOpenCVImageTool.zip create mode 100644 build_windows.bat create mode 100755 build_wsl_windows.sh create mode 100644 cmake/toolchains/mingw64.cmake diff --git a/QtOpenCVImageTool.zip b/QtOpenCVImageTool.zip new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..78f45c56e00e0b9f595c0d629bac16e13183e7e1 GIT binary patch literal 10352 zcmaia1yChT(k<@p?lQRh;10v!c5!!yfx+F~eb9@$3^KU8yIfobm%-(+`~PphZ#VYE ztB8tcZ^m;hLf{X5Y(-_Un+rdn;Zy9-v0=mh8lQm5o_k?ReALPCB*6(3{$4Sb3(P!aX8ir*%Cxf8Ol32p&MsEVHHlv)D$r(4mKR(}20& zSL56AF8w-ECJ+7zQ+sef?TZc*PU|VFi`2^2jEEyb{-`ftX{bBM5N3YC;{6qecMq%y z2U%vTm44}xkznRi>)8=2{4v(h-ta8nmZfX%LHg`k4qS`8LBXp!r8@9?mTYcMb5UCx z=qxRieNBO=mzY4x%TQJRMgtt8t2WB;1OX;FhxG~{mTOwsn>x5NTgIrZ*%Pp# z`G9I_gR#KNXB*?Dr6}Ol%fwntbw)AS@4z&oJN`h27u>C#GE#g$lSOWDrM~i0STsL3ST#EgdI|p zn-mmwxKBT(o9|%9bZD&x(0bH2M#==nvv2r zo>r2D0HD_O+T{GA8h$NpbU~59Jbe=`L`~DQi{mhgSJtwOMSgKjFnPH3ANs7t=#yJP zF{LXPYk1gLUB4oKnJK^KeFW^P}@rvUb#?&4aQWHr6<0A&U2vm(9*|GE@?uEPE}hi!zL$ zDKx1V4>Ocw$bKtEtcf^7%C&yok1>?rZVVYG9QiaV)?@NuCQ6v+MiIjO$yx%Ju`AL2 zQy#Y45d|W>-sYFOm=oAp-Aw1Zb&WTblREY|>t6wy)3McC2%PDTrYVXVB1~agSeRpS zT9J4j;&VqcpMK)%J!lk9(o>64)47cCzE09xEJyRtiquiNEIkGF+{t(#tvcTrOh;T> z!}j`F{JCt+r7)vUctgG z;g#dhaY#V9In~{{g{s4AD#e#xBjKH33|(g{Kg2O-09>4{R0oUo$p`dGKZc;zX=5`Z z6q0iNR1pk_te6dWw5$rqvrTw`{)@AHADop)|3htq3I>+R`#*v2Z=C)3<_2`U90-Td z-wl53$Witx1GOWYm4ZC6k{Q?J{;&@$Ys84~CNf;_>=L`U&r`-C@F?uyDNsOKk;LT8 z!)IeL5eTqQ#WK;7(iBj=r_@ZZENz@`63e!t$Sv<|oS!;am|IwwlYTZ{Rj<$!2Ut(C zo*@GDToxN*=DWMm_1V7Jmj{%m(dNX!*IhPR<*NdX`2NUTMR)v`39-;E*-!zW6zi$1 zJ8twT^8i}SC#bR8sKryKjFV46(qlW-opI5ubzUqx*R{@Y0#s&H7Tg#sjwr;Lo5u;9 z_bEV^Ynw&nX{m(MjWpOfxc%s($Q9=;K#*l*{{nEE$A6qVbJzx7ozv0GAE8=QVI_ac zbD>VqprRTZ!6mc?SxlV(j_V=4A`_)Xd*1dj%agxq#`wi40rbu8Y;^Gx-6{c@0a1UI zrWAFsbziNW>32^6A?Z@6B-J{w?Ld()b=Pv}IkrK_731yQ$uSQ5XjsbUT?^ve&#Vd!Z7N)!{l*(#;l<7$OH(FUH)p4T(06S7 zV9ro9TOtCk;I_`QR%={}TpXD0IWyK@+l|R5YEN)5CSuiG`sVa~@s~@n5u^s@=*qZ( z`}M8ccu7S}6{#kag2aXT<2?nCiF=w&^z}Y_^^>(*s}4=x-0u8+O0_Ur=s`O#LCe*x z;Dv#RzlT|joD_y~Dfb^$`9mg^M%Y&!xrfjpnB__%GfL53Sw95^S+~gH@-EC}Q%`xr zZ}XIgGFsWLxm4#wt+Q&ut_kBuWzzc43%6`h&yeNk!UH2{XltM{?%zVeo)yd7?^QzA)Vn+IPI zG+T%|Rj!#K1&RRdf_xml<)C}oK?($9bMwL#?XgWtx@Vx$n>0ZYE@_X*8NxjxeQPo? zA<%*vj^hhu@c_?lKNdcvCxTe1{;@+A?hL={&z)EBI}I84z%J3C_lfitegrFB6AdGT zLg|Y=r?1CTT(aBJG7>fp6!su=wK^mYN?2g*6rSA_2eQ|!bvu7Cs!qZqXX1>MNZsNL93uS)};+{`(EZ$Hff{NgOu=v-NlNTFpxOp3KC*gTjLr zI4_p{B&rKlTN=50{L6me?KrGImO3>XKb-)>G;D{K_@t5Odsw77sKq6d#w>m$QiWDGb>K0J5JBZbN$^>?D1z5PRvt9AQAz@-_*@LXw^_MBff39LNAbakaHcrjDwl=c+pqsCFJEh_; zuk4J!$T>OHH99((S()2AeFJdeaXTr+9Al3ngrphT3hL$d-A;gPdkA^paf|?2X40ts z!TD5b@rstVVgz=e85sPv_z6dFs%Ns~&msQ08Ek`=PCHc%7K1Q9zlwc^VTMeELr=(m z0&YkdA(|UMxZIX*flE=#yBRsksNw8W(lGWP`IC->T+yYURSx z)tMk^-hZ3dgk$UuKV4~8W@%%xkfdM^P>v+dH+e-cs3|{ z_zX9Q3k!*+V0Zg4rvtmxb?)tYww0u)5;$iz3PDOp@AzPvS_CJj7rQiqN#EJ^3j1T{ zZL_VT{YI4DytSV{3yxp8jo7!>p7d?LVNEy9-bGpAcJ8c4fK;+Q#oVMHZ_~r)y&~)x z6}0mFu*f1nD#YUVR#d1m8v;rsZo%3aNyD`#QE{JY?uB8iE&_yLhUK@rw{*ovoq2x>xG17qrUH zgLJMcNhdYw?EvBO0;DXB$_B|kuFPESWeU*zc#VuuGIx{<=|fN^a7sXeD_3;qXnL*! 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command -v x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++ >/dev/null 2>&1; then + echo "Missing x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++." + echo "Install it in WSL with: sudo apt install mingw-w64" + exit 1 +fi + +if [[ "${QT_MINGW_PREFIX:-}" == "" ]]; then + echo "Missing QT_MINGW_PREFIX." + echo "Example: export QT_MINGW_PREFIX=/opt/mxe/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32.shared/qt6" + exit 1 +fi + +if [[ "${OpenCV_DIR:-}" == "" ]]; then + echo "Missing OpenCV_DIR." + echo "Example: export OpenCV_DIR=/opt/mxe/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32.shared/lib/cmake/opencv4" + exit 1 +fi + +cmake -S . -B build-wsl-windows \ + -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \ + -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=cmake/toolchains/mingw64.cmake \ + -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="${QT_MINGW_PREFIX}" \ + -DOpenCV_DIR="${OpenCV_DIR}" + +cmake --build build-wsl-windows --config Release + +echo "Windows executable should be under build-wsl-windows/." diff --git a/cmake/toolchains/mingw64.cmake b/cmake/toolchains/mingw64.cmake new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0dcfb71 --- /dev/null +++ b/cmake/toolchains/mingw64.cmake @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Windows) +set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR x86_64) + +set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc) +set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++) +set(CMAKE_RC_COMPILER x86_64-w64-mingw32-windres) + +set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM NEVER) +set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_LIBRARY ONLY) +set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE ONLY) +set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PACKAGE ONLY) diff --git a/readme.md b/readme.md index 40e3319..b549775 100644 --- a/readme.md +++ b/readme.md @@ -20,72 +20,219 @@ - 图像分类：根据平均亮度和主色通道给出简单分类，同时显示目标数量。 - 线程处理：图像处理工作对象运行在 `QThread` 中，避免阻塞界面。 -## Windows 编译运行 +## Windows 构建说明 -本工程用于构建 Windows 桌面应用程序。建议使用 Qt Creator 打开 `CMakeLists.txt` 构建，编译器可选择 MSVC 或 MinGW，但 Qt、OpenCV 和编译器位数必须一致，例如全部使用 64 位。 +本工程使用 CMake 管理，目标是构建 Windows 桌面应用程序 `QtOpenCVImageTool.exe`。推荐使用 **MSVC 64 位**，因为 OpenCV 官方 Windows 预编译包通常就是 MSVC 版本，配置最省事。 -### 环境准备 +构建时请保持三者一致： -1. 安装 Qt for Windows，推荐 Qt 6.x，并安装对应的 MinGW 64-bit 或 MSVC 64-bit 组件。 -2. 安装 OpenCV for Windows，或自行用相同编译器编译 OpenCV。 -3. 安装 CMake。Qt Creator 通常会自带可用的 CMake。 +- 编译器一致：MSVC 对 MSVC，MinGW 对 MinGW。 +- 位数一致：建议全部使用 64 位。 +- Qt、OpenCV、CMake 使用同一套构建环境。 -### Qt Creator 构建 +如果使用 MSVC，则不要混用 MinGW 版 Qt；如果使用 MinGW，则不要直接使用 OpenCV 官方 MSVC 预编译包。 + +### 需要安装的软件 + +1. Visual Studio 2022 或 Visual Studio 2022 Build Tools + +安装时勾选： + +```text +Desktop development with C++ +MSVC v143 x64/x86 build tools +Windows 10 SDK 或 Windows 11 SDK +C++ CMake tools for Windows +``` + +安装完成后，系统中应能找到类似路径： + +```text +C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community +C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\BuildTools +``` + +2. Qt for Windows + +使用 Qt Online Installer 安装 Qt。推荐安装 Qt 6.x，并勾选 MSVC 64 位组件，例如： + +```text +Qt 6.6.x +MSVC 2019 64-bit 或 MSVC 2022 64-bit +Qt Creator +``` + +安装完成后，Qt 路径通常类似： + +```text +C:\Qt\6.6.0\msvc2019_64 +C:\Qt\6.6.0\msvc2022_64 +``` + +该目录下应存在： + +```text +C:\Qt\6.6.0\msvc2019_64\lib\cmake\Qt6\Qt6Config.cmake +``` + +3. OpenCV for Windows + +可以使用 OpenCV 官方 Windows 包。解压或安装到例如： + +```text +C:\opencv +``` + +常见的 CMake 配置路径是： + +```text +C:\opencv\build\x64\vc16\lib +``` + +该目录下应存在： + +```text +C:\opencv\build\x64\vc16\lib\OpenCVConfig.cmake +``` + +4. CMake + +如果安装 Visual Studio 时勾选了 CMake 工具，通常已经够用。也可以单独安装 CMake for Windows。命令行检查： + +```bat +cmake --version +``` + +### 推荐方式：Qt Creator 构建 1. 打开 Qt Creator。 -2. 选择“打开项目”，打开本目录下的 `CMakeLists.txt`。 -3. 选择 Windows Kit，例如 `Desktop Qt 6.x MinGW 64-bit` 或 `Desktop Qt 6.x MSVC 64-bit`。 -4. 如果 CMake 找不到 OpenCV，在 CMake 配置中加入： +2. 选择“打开项目”，打开本目录的 `CMakeLists.txt`。 +3. 选择 Windows Kit，例如： + +```text +Desktop Qt 6.x.x MSVC 2019 64-bit +Desktop Qt 6.x.x MSVC 2022 64-bit +``` + +4. 如果 CMake 找不到 OpenCV，在 Qt Creator 的 CMake 配置项中添加： ```text OpenCV_DIR=C:/opencv/build/x64/vc16/lib ``` -实际路径以你的 OpenCV 安装目录为准。MinGW 自编译 OpenCV 时，应填写包含 `OpenCVConfig.cmake` 的目录。 +5. 配置完成后点击“构建”。 +6. 构建成功后会生成 `QtOpenCVImageTool.exe`。 +7. 在 Qt Creator 中点击“运行”即可启动程序。 -5. 点击“构建”并运行。 +### 命令行构建：MSVC -### 命令行构建示例 +打开开始菜单中的： -也可以直接使用项目提供的 `build_windows.bat`： - -```bat -build_windows.bat C:\Qt\6.6.0\mingw_64 C:\opencv\build "MinGW Makefiles" +```text +x64 Native Tools Command Prompt for VS 2022 ``` -或 MSVC： +进入工程目录，例如： + +```bat +cd /d D:\QtOpenCVImageTool +``` + +使用项目提供的脚本构建： ```bat build_windows.bat C:\Qt\6.6.0\msvc2019_64 C:\opencv\build\x64\vc16\lib "Visual Studio 17 2022" ``` -MinGW 示例： +如果你的 Qt 是 MSVC 2022 版本，路径可改为： ```bat -mkdir build -cd build -cmake .. -G "MinGW Makefiles" -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=C:\Qt\6.6.0\mingw_64 -DOpenCV_DIR=C:\opencv\build -cmake --build . --config Release +build_windows.bat C:\Qt\6.6.0\msvc2022_64 C:\opencv\build\x64\vc16\lib "Visual Studio 17 2022" ``` -MSVC 示例： +也可以手动执行 CMake： ```bat -mkdir build -cd build +mkdir build-windows +cd build-windows cmake .. -G "Visual Studio 17 2022" -A x64 -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=C:\Qt\6.6.0\msvc2019_64 -DOpenCV_DIR=C:\opencv\build\x64\vc16\lib cmake --build . --config Release ``` -### 运行和发布 +MSVC 生成的 exe 通常位于： -在 Windows 上运行生成的 `QtOpenCVImageTool.exe` 时，需要能找到 Qt 和 OpenCV 的 DLL。调试阶段可在 Qt Creator 中直接运行；发布时可使用： - -```bat -windeployqt QtOpenCVImageTool.exe +```text +build-windows\Release\QtOpenCVImageTool.exe ``` -然后把 OpenCV 的运行库 DLL 一并复制到 exe 所在目录，例如 `opencv_world*.dll` 或相关 `opencv_*.dll`。 +### 命令行构建：MinGW + +如果使用 MinGW，需要安装 MinGW 版 Qt，并准备 MinGW 编译出来的 OpenCV。不要把 MSVC 版 OpenCV 直接给 MinGW 使用。 + +示例： + +```bat +build_windows.bat C:\Qt\6.6.0\mingw_64 C:\opencv-mingw\install "MinGW Makefiles" +``` + +手动构建： + +```bat +mkdir build-windows +cd build-windows +cmake .. -G "MinGW Makefiles" -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=C:\Qt\6.6.0\mingw_64 -DOpenCV_DIR=C:\opencv-mingw\install +cmake --build . --config Release +``` + +MinGW 生成的 exe 通常位于： + +```text +build-windows\QtOpenCVImageTool.exe +``` + +### 运行和发布 + +构建出来的 `QtOpenCVImageTool.exe` 运行时需要 Qt 和 OpenCV 的 DLL。开发阶段可以直接在 Qt Creator 中运行；如果要单独拷贝给别人运行，需要把依赖 DLL 一起放到 exe 目录。 + +MSVC Release 示例： + +```bat +cd build-windows\Release +C:\Qt\6.6.0\msvc2019_64\bin\windeployqt.exe QtOpenCVImageTool.exe +copy C:\opencv\build\x64\vc16\bin\opencv_world*.dll . +``` + +如果 OpenCV 不是 `opencv_world*.dll`，则复制对应的 `opencv_*.dll` 到 exe 所在目录。 + +MinGW 示例： + +```bat +cd build-windows +C:\Qt\6.6.0\mingw_64\bin\windeployqt.exe QtOpenCVImageTool.exe +copy C:\opencv-mingw\bin\opencv_*.dll . +``` + +### 常见问题 + +1. `Could not find Qt6` + +说明 `CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH` 没有指向 Qt 安装目录。请确认路径类似： + +```text +C:\Qt\6.6.0\msvc2019_64 +``` + +2. `Could not find OpenCV` + +说明 `OpenCV_DIR` 没有指向包含 `OpenCVConfig.cmake` 的目录。请搜索 `OpenCVConfig.cmake`，并把它所在目录传给 CMake。 + +3. 程序启动时报缺少 DLL + +请运行 `windeployqt`，并把 OpenCV 的 DLL 复制到 exe 所在目录。 + +4. 链接时报 MSVC/MinGW 相关错误 + +通常是 Qt、OpenCV、编译器不匹配。MSVC 工程必须使用 MSVC 版 Qt 和 MSVC 版 OpenCV；MinGW 工程必须使用 MinGW 版 Qt 和 MinGW 版 OpenCV。 ## WSL 中交叉编译 Windows 程序