Update Windows build documentation
This commit is contained in:
luochen570
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QtOpenCVImageTool.zip
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QtOpenCVImageTool.zip
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46
build_windows.bat
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build_windows.bat
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@echo off
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setlocal
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rem Usage:
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rem build_windows.bat C:\Qt\6.6.0\msvc2019_64 C:\opencv\build\x64\vc16\lib "Visual Studio 17 2022"
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rem build_windows.bat C:\Qt\6.6.0\mingw_64 C:\opencv-mingw\install "MinGW Makefiles"
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if "%~1"=="" (
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echo Usage: %~nx0 ^<QtDir^> ^<OpenCV_DIR^> [CMakeGenerator]
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echo Example MSVC : %~nx0 C:\Qt\6.6.0\msvc2019_64 C:\opencv\build\x64\vc16\lib "Visual Studio 17 2022"
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echo Example MinGW: %~nx0 C:\Qt\6.6.0\mingw_64 C:\opencv-mingw\install "MinGW Makefiles"
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exit /b 1
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)
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if "%~2"=="" (
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echo Missing OpenCV_DIR.
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exit /b 1
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)
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set QT_DIR=%~1
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set OPENCV_DIR=%~2
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set GENERATOR=%~3
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if "%GENERATOR%"=="" (
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set GENERATOR=Visual Studio 17 2022
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)
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if not exist build-windows (
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mkdir build-windows
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)
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if /I "%GENERATOR%"=="MinGW Makefiles" (
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cmake -S . -B build-windows -G "%GENERATOR%" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="%QT_DIR%" -DOpenCV_DIR="%OPENCV_DIR%"
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) else (
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cmake -S . -B build-windows -G "%GENERATOR%" -A x64 -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="%QT_DIR%" -DOpenCV_DIR="%OPENCV_DIR%"
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)
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if errorlevel 1 exit /b %errorlevel%
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cmake --build build-windows --config Release
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if errorlevel 1 exit /b %errorlevel%
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echo.
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echo Build finished.
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echo For MSVC, check: build-windows\Release\QtOpenCVImageTool.exe
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echo For MinGW, check: build-windows\QtOpenCVImageTool.exe
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30
build_wsl_windows.sh
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build_wsl_windows.sh
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#!/usr/bin/env bash
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set -euo pipefail
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if ! command -v x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++ >/dev/null 2>&1; then
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echo "Missing x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++."
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echo "Install it in WSL with: sudo apt install mingw-w64"
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exit 1
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fi
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if [[ "${QT_MINGW_PREFIX:-}" == "" ]]; then
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echo "Missing QT_MINGW_PREFIX."
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echo "Example: export QT_MINGW_PREFIX=/opt/mxe/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32.shared/qt6"
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exit 1
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fi
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if [[ "${OpenCV_DIR:-}" == "" ]]; then
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echo "Missing OpenCV_DIR."
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echo "Example: export OpenCV_DIR=/opt/mxe/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32.shared/lib/cmake/opencv4"
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exit 1
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fi
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cmake -S . -B build-wsl-windows \
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-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
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-DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=cmake/toolchains/mingw64.cmake \
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-DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="${QT_MINGW_PREFIX}" \
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-DOpenCV_DIR="${OpenCV_DIR}"
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cmake --build build-wsl-windows --config Release
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echo "Windows executable should be under build-wsl-windows/."
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11
cmake/toolchains/mingw64.cmake
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cmake/toolchains/mingw64.cmake
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set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Windows)
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set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR x86_64)
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set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc)
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set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++)
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set(CMAKE_RC_COMPILER x86_64-w64-mingw32-windres)
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set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM NEVER)
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set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_LIBRARY ONLY)
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set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE ONLY)
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set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PACKAGE ONLY)
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211
readme.md
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readme.md
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- 图像分类：根据平均亮度和主色通道给出简单分类，同时显示目标数量。
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- 线程处理：图像处理工作对象运行在 `QThread` 中，避免阻塞界面。
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## Windows 编译运行
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## Windows 构建说明
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本工程用于构建 Windows 桌面应用程序。建议使用 Qt Creator 打开 `CMakeLists.txt` 构建，编译器可选择 MSVC 或 MinGW，但 Qt、OpenCV 和编译器位数必须一致，例如全部使用 64 位。
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本工程使用 CMake 管理，目标是构建 Windows 桌面应用程序 `QtOpenCVImageTool.exe`。推荐使用 **MSVC 64 位**，因为 OpenCV 官方 Windows 预编译包通常就是 MSVC 版本，配置最省事。
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### 环境准备
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构建时请保持三者一致：
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1. 安装 Qt for Windows，推荐 Qt 6.x，并安装对应的 MinGW 64-bit 或 MSVC 64-bit 组件。
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2. 安装 OpenCV for Windows，或自行用相同编译器编译 OpenCV。
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3. 安装 CMake。Qt Creator 通常会自带可用的 CMake。
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- 编译器一致：MSVC 对 MSVC，MinGW 对 MinGW。
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- 位数一致：建议全部使用 64 位。
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- Qt、OpenCV、CMake 使用同一套构建环境。
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### Qt Creator 构建
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如果使用 MSVC，则不要混用 MinGW 版 Qt；如果使用 MinGW，则不要直接使用 OpenCV 官方 MSVC 预编译包。
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### 需要安装的软件
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1. Visual Studio 2022 或 Visual Studio 2022 Build Tools
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安装时勾选：
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```text
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Desktop development with C++
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MSVC v143 x64/x86 build tools
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Windows 10 SDK 或 Windows 11 SDK
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C++ CMake tools for Windows
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```
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安装完成后，系统中应能找到类似路径：
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```text
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C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community
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C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\BuildTools
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```
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2. Qt for Windows
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使用 Qt Online Installer 安装 Qt。推荐安装 Qt 6.x，并勾选 MSVC 64 位组件，例如：
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```text
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Qt 6.6.x
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MSVC 2019 64-bit 或 MSVC 2022 64-bit
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Qt Creator
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```
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安装完成后，Qt 路径通常类似：
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```text
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C:\Qt\6.6.0\msvc2019_64
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C:\Qt\6.6.0\msvc2022_64
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```
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该目录下应存在：
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```text
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C:\Qt\6.6.0\msvc2019_64\lib\cmake\Qt6\Qt6Config.cmake
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```
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3. OpenCV for Windows
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可以使用 OpenCV 官方 Windows 包。解压或安装到例如：
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```text
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C:\opencv
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```
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常见的 CMake 配置路径是：
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```text
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C:\opencv\build\x64\vc16\lib
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```
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该目录下应存在：
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```text
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C:\opencv\build\x64\vc16\lib\OpenCVConfig.cmake
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```
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4. CMake
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如果安装 Visual Studio 时勾选了 CMake 工具，通常已经够用。也可以单独安装 CMake for Windows。命令行检查：
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```bat
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cmake --version
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```
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### 推荐方式：Qt Creator 构建
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1. 打开 Qt Creator。
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2. 选择“打开项目”，打开本目录下的 `CMakeLists.txt`。
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3. 选择 Windows Kit，例如 `Desktop Qt 6.x MinGW 64-bit` 或 `Desktop Qt 6.x MSVC 64-bit`。
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4. 如果 CMake 找不到 OpenCV，在 CMake 配置中加入：
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2. 选择“打开项目”，打开本目录的 `CMakeLists.txt`。
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3. 选择 Windows Kit，例如：
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```text
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Desktop Qt 6.x.x MSVC 2019 64-bit
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Desktop Qt 6.x.x MSVC 2022 64-bit
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```
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4. 如果 CMake 找不到 OpenCV，在 Qt Creator 的 CMake 配置项中添加：
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```text
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OpenCV_DIR=C:/opencv/build/x64/vc16/lib
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```
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实际路径以你的 OpenCV 安装目录为准。MinGW 自编译 OpenCV 时，应填写包含 `OpenCVConfig.cmake` 的目录。
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5. 配置完成后点击“构建”。
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6. 构建成功后会生成 `QtOpenCVImageTool.exe`。
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7. 在 Qt Creator 中点击“运行”即可启动程序。
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5. 点击“构建”并运行。
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### 命令行构建：MSVC
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### 命令行构建示例
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打开开始菜单中的：
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也可以直接使用项目提供的 `build_windows.bat`：
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```bat
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build_windows.bat C:\Qt\6.6.0\mingw_64 C:\opencv\build "MinGW Makefiles"
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```text
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x64 Native Tools Command Prompt for VS 2022
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```
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或 MSVC：
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进入工程目录，例如：
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```bat
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cd /d D:\QtOpenCVImageTool
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```
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使用项目提供的脚本构建：
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```bat
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build_windows.bat C:\Qt\6.6.0\msvc2019_64 C:\opencv\build\x64\vc16\lib "Visual Studio 17 2022"
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```
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MinGW 示例：
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如果你的 Qt 是 MSVC 2022 版本，路径可改为：
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```bat
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mkdir build
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cd build
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cmake .. -G "MinGW Makefiles" -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=C:\Qt\6.6.0\mingw_64 -DOpenCV_DIR=C:\opencv\build
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cmake --build . --config Release
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build_windows.bat C:\Qt\6.6.0\msvc2022_64 C:\opencv\build\x64\vc16\lib "Visual Studio 17 2022"
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```
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MSVC 示例：
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也可以手动执行 CMake：
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```bat
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mkdir build
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cd build
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mkdir build-windows
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cd build-windows
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cmake .. -G "Visual Studio 17 2022" -A x64 -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=C:\Qt\6.6.0\msvc2019_64 -DOpenCV_DIR=C:\opencv\build\x64\vc16\lib
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cmake --build . --config Release
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```
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### 运行和发布
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MSVC 生成的 exe 通常位于：
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在 Windows 上运行生成的 `QtOpenCVImageTool.exe` 时，需要能找到 Qt 和 OpenCV 的 DLL。调试阶段可在 Qt Creator 中直接运行；发布时可使用：
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```bat
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windeployqt QtOpenCVImageTool.exe
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```text
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build-windows\Release\QtOpenCVImageTool.exe
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```
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然后把 OpenCV 的运行库 DLL 一并复制到 exe 所在目录，例如 `opencv_world*.dll` 或相关 `opencv_*.dll`。
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### 命令行构建：MinGW
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如果使用 MinGW，需要安装 MinGW 版 Qt，并准备 MinGW 编译出来的 OpenCV。不要把 MSVC 版 OpenCV 直接给 MinGW 使用。
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示例：
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```bat
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build_windows.bat C:\Qt\6.6.0\mingw_64 C:\opencv-mingw\install "MinGW Makefiles"
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```
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手动构建：
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```bat
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mkdir build-windows
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cd build-windows
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cmake .. -G "MinGW Makefiles" -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=C:\Qt\6.6.0\mingw_64 -DOpenCV_DIR=C:\opencv-mingw\install
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cmake --build . --config Release
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```
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MinGW 生成的 exe 通常位于：
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```text
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build-windows\QtOpenCVImageTool.exe
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```
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### 运行和发布
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构建出来的 `QtOpenCVImageTool.exe` 运行时需要 Qt 和 OpenCV 的 DLL。开发阶段可以直接在 Qt Creator 中运行；如果要单独拷贝给别人运行，需要把依赖 DLL 一起放到 exe 目录。
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MSVC Release 示例：
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```bat
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cd build-windows\Release
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C:\Qt\6.6.0\msvc2019_64\bin\windeployqt.exe QtOpenCVImageTool.exe
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copy C:\opencv\build\x64\vc16\bin\opencv_world*.dll .
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```
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如果 OpenCV 不是 `opencv_world*.dll`，则复制对应的 `opencv_*.dll` 到 exe 所在目录。
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MinGW 示例：
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```bat
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cd build-windows
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C:\Qt\6.6.0\mingw_64\bin\windeployqt.exe QtOpenCVImageTool.exe
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copy C:\opencv-mingw\bin\opencv_*.dll .
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```
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### 常见问题
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1. `Could not find Qt6`
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说明 `CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH` 没有指向 Qt 安装目录。请确认路径类似：
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```text
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C:\Qt\6.6.0\msvc2019_64
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```
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2. `Could not find OpenCV`
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说明 `OpenCV_DIR` 没有指向包含 `OpenCVConfig.cmake` 的目录。请搜索 `OpenCVConfig.cmake`，并把它所在目录传给 CMake。
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3. 程序启动时报缺少 DLL
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请运行 `windeployqt`，并把 OpenCV 的 DLL 复制到 exe 所在目录。
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4. 链接时报 MSVC/MinGW 相关错误
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通常是 Qt、OpenCV、编译器不匹配。MSVC 工程必须使用 MSVC 版 Qt 和 MSVC 版 OpenCV；MinGW 工程必须使用 MinGW 版 Qt 和 MinGW 版 OpenCV。
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## WSL 中交叉编译 Windows 程序
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user