145 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
145 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
# chengnan 本地二进制依赖说明
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本项目原则：**构建项目所用依赖使用二进制包放在项目目录内，不在本机编译安装依赖，不使用系统 GCC 等编译工具链参与本项目构建。**
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## 已删除的非目标依赖
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已删除之前为 Linux 本地尝试构建而产生的内容：
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- `third_party/opencv-src/`：OpenCV 源码
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- `third_party/opencv-build/`：OpenCV 编译目录
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- `third_party/opencv/`：由源码编译安装出的 Linux OpenCV
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- `third_party/qt-sdk/`：Linux Qt 包
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- `third_party/qt`：Linux Qt 软链接
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- `third_party/opengl-stub/`：Linux 构建验证用 stub
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- `tools/uv/`：uv 工具
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- `tools/pyenv/`：uv 创建的 Python 环境
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- `tools/cmake/`：Linux CMake 二进制
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## 当前保留的 Windows 二进制依赖
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### Qt 6.7.3 MSVC 2019 64-bit
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```text
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third_party/qt-windows-msvc-sdk/6.7.3/msvc2019_64/
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third_party/qt-windows-msvc -> qt-windows-msvc-sdk/6.7.3/msvc2019_64
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```
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关键文件：
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```text
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third_party/qt-windows-msvc/bin/qmake.exe
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third_party/qt-windows-msvc/bin/windeployqt.exe
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```
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### OpenCV 4.10.0 Windows 官方预编译包
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```text
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third_party/opencv-windows-extract/opencv/build/
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third_party/opencv-windows -> opencv-windows-extract/opencv/build
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```
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关键文件：
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```text
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third_party/opencv-windows/x64/vc16/lib/OpenCVConfig.cmake
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third_party/opencv-windows/x64/vc16/lib/opencv_world4100.lib
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third_party/opencv-windows/x64/vc16/bin/opencv_world4100.dll
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```
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### Ninja / MinGW 工具包
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```text
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third_party/qt-tools/
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```
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关键文件：
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```text
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third_party/qt-tools/Tools/Ninja/ninja.exe
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third_party/qt-tools/Tools/mingw1120_64/bin/g++.exe
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```
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> 注意：项目保留 MinGW 二进制只是备用。当前推荐 MSVC，因为 OpenCV 官方 Windows 二进制是 `vc16`，不能直接给 MinGW 链接。
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### Windows CMake 二进制
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```text
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tools/cmake-windows/cmake-3.31.6-windows-x86_64/
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tools/cmake-current-windows -> cmake-windows/cmake-3.31.6-windows-x86_64
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```
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关键文件：
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```text
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tools/cmake-current-windows/bin/cmake.exe
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```
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### Windows Python 二进制与虚拟环境脚本
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```text
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tools/python-bin/
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scripts/setup-python-venv-windows.ps1
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```
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说明：
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- `tools/python-bin/` 使用 Python 官方 Windows embeddable zip 二进制包解压得到
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- 不使用 uv
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- 如果需要 Python 包，请在 Windows 上运行：
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```powershell
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powershell -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File scripts\setup-python-venv-windows.ps1
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```
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该脚本会优先尝试创建：
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```text
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tools/python-venv/
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```
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如果 embeddable Python 不支持 `venv`，则会在 `tools/python-bin/` 内安装 pip/aqtinstall，仍然限制在项目目录内。
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## Windows 推荐构建方式
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由于当前 OpenCV 是官方 MSVC `vc16` 二进制包，推荐使用 MSVC 构建。
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在 Windows 上打开：
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```text
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x64 Native Tools Command Prompt for VS 2019/2022
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```
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进入项目目录后运行：
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```powershell
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powershell -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File scripts\build-windows.ps1 -Toolchain msvc -Deploy
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```
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脚本会使用项目内：
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- `tools/cmake-current-windows/bin/cmake.exe`
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- `third_party/qt-tools/Tools/Ninja/ninja.exe`
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- `third_party/qt-windows-msvc/`
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- `third_party/opencv-windows/`
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## 关于“不使用系统工具链”
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当前已经避免使用 Linux 系统 GCC 编译本项目，也删除了通过系统 GCC 编译出来的 OpenCV。
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但 MSVC 编译器 `cl.exe` 通常来自 Visual Studio Build Tools。微软没有像 Qt/OpenCV 一样提供适合随项目简单解压携带的独立 MSVC 工具链包。因此：
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- 如果允许使用 Windows 已安装的 Visual Studio Build Tools：可直接构建
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- 如果要求连 MSVC 编译器也必须项目内携带：建议改用 MinGW，但需要额外准备 MinGW 版 OpenCV 二进制包
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## 当前 Linux 服务器限制
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当前服务器是 Linux，只能整理 Windows 二进制依赖和脚本，不能直接运行 Windows 的：
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- `cmake.exe`
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- `ninja.exe`
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- `cl.exe`
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- `windeployqt.exe`
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因此最终 `.exe` 需要在 Windows 上执行构建脚本生成。
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